A large inspiration for the Wardley Mapping method comes from Sun Tzu's The Art of War, and from John Boyd's OODA Loop. The five factors of competition described by Sun Tzu were Purpose - Landscape - Climate - Doctrine - Leadership. wardleypedia 
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The vertical “Visibility” axis has no scale or sections – it is purely a relative positioning, with components closer to the top of the map being more visible to an end user, and components lower in the map being less visible. Visibility implies how much an end user of the product you are mapping notices or cares about a particular component.