# Design Principles for Common Pool Resource (CPR) Institution
Ostrom identified eight "design principles" of stable local common pool resource management:[33][34]
1-Clearly defined (clear definition of the contents of the **Common Pool Resource** and effective Exclusion of external un-entitled parties);
2-The appropriation and provision of common resources that are adapted to **Local Conditions**;
3-Collective-choice arrangements that allow most resource appropriators to **Participate** in the decision-making process;
4-Effective **Monitoring** by monitors who are part of or accountable to the appropriators;
5-A scale of **Graduated Sanctions** for resource appropriators who violate community rules;
6-Mechanisms of **Conflict Resolution** that are cheap and of easy access;
7-Self-determination of the community **Recognized by Higher-level Authorities**; and
8-In the case of larger common-pool resources, organization in the form of multiple **Layers of Nested Enterprises**, with small local CPRs at the base level.